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The HCPCS (Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System) codebook is updated annually by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS). This organization plays a critical role in the administration of federal healthcare programs, and part of its responsibilities includes the management and maintenance of the HCPCS codes. These codes are essential for billing and coding in the healthcare system, as they facilitate accurate communication between providers, payers, and other entities regarding healthcare services and procedures. Therefore, since CMS oversees the updates to the HCPCS codebook, the choice indicating CMS is the correct answer.

Other organizations mentioned play different roles in healthcare but do not manage the HCPCS updates. The CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) focuses on public health and safety, the AMA (American Medical Association) primarily deals with matters related to medical ethics and the practice of medicine, and the FDA (Food and Drug Administration) is involved in regulating food, pharmaceuticals, and medical devices. Each of these organizations has its distinct functions that do not include issuing updates to the HCPCS codebook.